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Wang Yangming’s “Confidant Sees” and the Breakthrough of Confucian Time Idea
Author: Zheng Ze (Assistant from the Department of Chinese Philosophy in Drumbi Hong Kong)
Source: “Literature and History Philosophy” 2022 Issue 2
Abstract: Wang Yangming’s “Confidant Sees” is different from the “confidant Sees” after Yangming’s study. It is suitable to explore the perspective of time consciousness and the perspective of the interaction between Confucian Taoism. A confidant is not a body that exceeds time, but a timely nature. Confidant plainly expresses the temporal consciousness of moral consciousness against ordinary private interests; “confidant sees it” is not a theoretical statement, but a practical point, that is, let students focus on the present, non-utilitarian moral reality and let go of their involvement and calculations about the past and the future. In Yangming, most of the words “seeing” should be understood as “still persist”, and “confidant’s seeing” means “confidant’s still alive”. Although it is incomplete, it contains the movement that is lacking and waiting for the whole. This sentence warns people: When the next thought of a confidant awakens, he should act and be immersed in the non-utilitarian time and experience morality and morality. When Yangming discussed “a confidant sees you”, he also said, “What is the benefit of thinking about the past and future events?” It can be seen that it is related to the governance of ideas. Money Dehong, Jun Shouyi, Sun Yingkui and Wang Ji all pointed out this connection in his later studies in Ming Dynasty. In terms of time, Taoism and teaching have formed challenges to Confucianism: the sects have “no ancient times and no present”, Guo Xiang has “forget what they have followed in succession”, and the sects have “interruption in the front and back” and “no thoughts”. Yangming pointed out that “the confidant is in”, and used the time of the clan’s priest to practice kung fu, and used the “break” of kung fu to seek the “continuation” of the original discussion, so that Confucianism could break through the threat of Buddhism and Taoism and gain a new path to kung fu.
Keywords: Wang Yangming; confidant; see; time consciousness; interruption before and after
1. Discussion
In the Yangming Research Research Network, the academic community pays a wide range of attention to a major expression: “Confidant sees it.” This statement was evolved into “confidant’s realization” by Wang Ji and Wang Gen and other post-ming studies. It says: Confidant is complete in the future and does not need to be cultivated [1]. Confidant includes all virtues, knowledge and talents. It is realized and completed in the future. Cultivation skills are only to restore this confidant’s body that is concealed by acquired selfish desires. However, this understanding regards the confidant as a development-free and timeless existence. In fact, when Chen Lin and Peng Guoxiang discussed Wang Ji and Wang Gen, they mentioned that a confidant does not mean that a confidant has become [2]. Unfortunately, his statement is important to the study of Yangming later, rather than Wang Yangming’s own confidant. This article will point out that confidants are not the body that exceeds time, but are timely. In the time consciousness, a confidant generally expresses the cessation of time consciousness in the time consciousness of virtue and consciousness to the ordinary self-interest. “A confidant sees it” is not a theoretical statement, but a practical guide: it allows students to focus on the present and thus produce “sinking”Drunk” time consciousness. This can just cure the daily fragmented time experience of our contemporary people. The following will be Baobao website proves that “seeing in” in the Ming language can be translated as “still persist”, “confidant sees in” means “confidant still exists”. The movement that is short and waits for the future of the zodiac to warn people to move in the next thought and sing in time. From the great history of philosophical science From a perspective, Confucianism has always faced the challenges of Taoism and religion in terms of time-consciousness, and has responded from Cheng Jun to Zhu Xi, but as long as the Yangming clearly established the “confidant” that Confucianism has gone from the “interruption between front and back” of Emperor Zhuangzi and Guo Xiang. The sudden outbreak of the thought of “no ancient times and no present” is the way to gain a new way of time consciousness.
We can divide “time conception”, “time consciousness” and “time experience”. (1) “time conception博官网 dcard” refers to conceptualized insights formed by people as theoretical objects. (2) “Time consciousness” is different : A person can not reflect on time, without forming “time concepts”, and conquer “time consciousness”. The term “time consciousness” only expresses: consciousness has time. The time consciousness research on contemporary Eastern philosophy focuses on spiritual philosophy and cognitive theory , important questions such as: How do we realize time? Why does time appear to be continuous in experience? This type of question is theoretical rather than practical. It does not explore the advantages and disadvantages of time consciousness, and does not discuss how to live your life in your life. The “Man’s Eyes and Osmanthus Falls” and Zhuo Bellin’s “Modern Times” have different feelings about time, but the time consciousness of the two is not different from the pure theoretical analysis of spiritual philosophy. Therefore, we also need the third term, namely (3) “Time is experienced in the body.” Confucian Taoism’s mental and natural skills often touch on time, such as “not developed”, “has been developed”, “no ancient and modern times”, and “interrupted in the past and the future”. Confucian Taoism both emphasize the governance of thoughts: how to distinguish between good thoughts and bad thoughts? How to eliminate bad thoughts and retain goodness Thoughts? How to maintain the fantasy state of mind? These are all about time-consciousness and personal experience, and are different from the problems of “can time exist and can be continued” in contemporary Eastern spiritual philosophy. Although Wang Yangming rarely discusses philosophical methods. His thoughts are, but his “confidant sees it” contains his insights about time and personal experience.
2. “confidant sees it” is not “presented”: Looking at Yangming from the perspective of time consciousness
The Yangming community generally interprets “seeing it” as “present”. This statement is desirable. Lin Yuehui pointed out that “the word “seeing it” was originally a special language of the teachings, meaning “the meaning of present existence”. The Abhidharma-Chapter” says: “ThoughtsIn the time of transformation, it is called present. ’And the word ‘now’ is also the word of the sect, which means ‘a natural come out, not fabricated as a setter’, which is the same as what the sect says ‘it is the same’. Both are a kind of expression expression of the sect of the sect’s “influence and perception”. “[3] Wu Zhen pointed out that Yang Ming’s “seeing” theory can be traced back to the Jiujing of the Lu. He said in the “Zhu Lake Club” that “really, we must distinguish only today.” He was criticized by his brother Jiugao for “only lead to show his opinion”, while Zhu Xi criticized his “now is right now” [4]. Ruan Chun-hyun traced the words “confidence is seen” by the Jiujing of the Lujing of the Lujing of the Lujing of the “five truth is just the truth in front of the situation” [5]. Chen Li-shak traced the “and see truth in the real way” [6].
However, The explanation is that “seeing in” as “now” is interpreted as “present”, which begins with Wang Ji and Wang Gen. For example, Wang Ji mixes “seeing in a confidant” and “now in a confidant” in the same language (who discussed with Luo Hongxian’s discussion on the same difference between confidant and sage) and uses “seeing in a confidant” and “present in a confidant” in the same language. ”【7】. This step creates a misunderstanding, because “presentation” shows that the confidant is full and there is no need or ability to develop. This explanation sets a section: the real world is timely and lifeless, while the confidant beyond the level is lifeless and timeless The interpersonal, “full” confidant “presents” under a strange confidant in the living world of life, and has purchased two levels of existence, both of which are time-dependent and timeless. The preset of these two levels of existence is close to the metaphysical paradigm of the Iranian system. However, Yang Ming’s ” “The Confidant Sees” is actually a very logical guide. When I examine Wang Yangming’s literature